1. Differentiate serum and plasma and whole blood.
Serum is the supernatant fluid when coagulated blood has been centrifuged, while plasma is the supernatant fluid after anticoagulated blood has been centrifuged. On the other hand, whole blood is composed of both the fluid portion and the cellular elements in blood. Anticoagulant is added to avoid clotting.
2. Differentiate serum from plasma.
Refer to answer no. 1
Additional:
Serum is clearer than plasma because it has less proteins. Serum has NO fibrinogen because it has been converted to fibrin, while plasma has fibrinogen (a protein), aside from albumin and globulin.
3. Name some causes of hemolysis.
There are various causes of hemolysis, Any process that applies extreme agitation or stirring will cause hemolysis. This includes the following:
Repeated rimming
Forceful agitation, shaking or stirring of blood
Squirting the blood into the syringe
Wet materials (water causes hemolysis)
Forcing the blood out of the syringe
4. What is the most preferred specimen?
Serum, because it has less interfering substances.
5. Enumerate the different anticoagulants and their respective anticoagulant to whole blood ratio.
ACD - 0.25 ml per 1 ml blood
4 % Sodium Citrate - 1:16 ratio (blood banking)
Unless specified, ratio of anticoagulant to blood is one part anticoagulant to 4 parts of blood.
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