Clinical Chemistry 2, Quiz Laboratory, Spectrophotometer, Potassium and Chloride

PLEASE READ TABLE OF SPECS FOR CC2 MIDTERM EXAMS HERE:

Clinical Chemistry 2
Long -Quiz Laboratory
Spectrophotometer, Potassium & Chloride

Name:____________________________________________ Rating__________________
Date:_____________________________________________ Section:_________________

1.____heparin, EDTA, or use serum_______________The best AC for potassium determination. (specify)
2.____serum _________________________________The best sample for chloride determination.(Specify)
3.____cation_________________________________Indicate whether potassium is an anion or cation.
4.____anion_________________________________ Indicate whether chloride is n anion or cation.
5.____intracellular____________________________Indicate whether potassium is intracellular or extracellular.
6.____extracellular___________________________ Indicate whether chloride is intracellular or extracellular.
7.____3.6 to 5.4_mEq/L________________________Normal value for potassium in blood sample
8.____98 to 110 mEq/L ________________________Normal value for chloride in blood sample .
9.____sodium tetraphenyl boron or potassium base reagent__Give a reagent for potassium.
10.____3 ml or 1 ml (1,000 uL)___________________How many mL will you be using for your answer to #9?
11.___Don’t use hemolyzed specimens_____________Give three precautions for potassium.
12.___Separate clot or cellular elements immediately____
13.___Avoid strenuous exercises prior to testing___
14.Give two precautions for chloride determination_____prevent using turbid, icteric or lipemic sample___
15.__avoid contamination from chloride containing substances like sweat, and water_

16.-18. What is the principle of potassium determination .

____Potassium present in the serum reacts with sodium tetraphenylboron forming a colloidal suspension in which the turbidity formed is directly proportional to the concentration of potassium in the sample or specimen._____

17.– 22. What is the principle of chloride determination.

__The chloride present in the serum reacts with mercuric nitrate or mercuric thiocyanate to form mercuric chloride, which is measured spectrophotometrically. The intensity of the color is directly proportional to the concentration of chloride present in the sample or specimen___

23- 28 . What is Beer Lambert’s Law?

The law states that the concentration of an unknown solution is directly proportional to its absorbance and inversely proportional.to its transmittance.

29 – 40. Name the 6 most common electrolytes and give a brief description of each.

Potassium – major intracellular cation
Phosphorus – intracellular anion
Calcium – extracellular cation, important for the clotting prcess
Sodium – major extracellular cation – has active role in water balance
Chloride – extracellular anion – passive role in water balance
Magnesium - intracellular cation

41-45. Give 3 conditions seen in hyperkalemia.

dehydration
shock with tissue hypoxia
diabetic ketoacidosis
massive intravascular or extracorporeal hemolysis
severe burns
violent muscular activity (status epilepticus)
renal failure due to shock

46 – 48. Give 3 conditions found in hyperchloremia.

Dehydration
Renal tubular acidosis
Acute renal and metabolic acidosis
Prolonged diarrhea

49. – 50- What are the glasses used to calibrate the wavelengths of the spectrophotometer.

Holmium glass
Didymium glass

50 – 60. Name the operating features of your Diasys FC Stardust and give the use of each.

Aspirator- aspirates sample
Cell wells- contains cuvettes
Well incubators- for incubation at 37 degrees C
Read-out device- displays readings and processing of equipment
Keypads- to key in selected steps/process, wl selection, units , etc.
Printer – where the final printed results are processed