Review Questions in Pipetting

1. Give the reasons why the thumb is not used in pipetting.

2. Convert the following milliliters to microliters.

5 ml
20 ml
0.05 ml
100 ml
0.025 ml

3.Name sources of error in pipetting.

ANSWERS to Review Questions- Spectrophotometry

1. State Beer's law

The concentration of the solution is directly proportional to the absorbance and inversely proportional to the transmitted light.

2. What is the relationship between the intensity of color of a solution to its concentration?

The intensity of color of a solution is directly proportional to its concentration.

3. What is the formula in solving the Cu?

Cu = Au X Cs/ As

Where: Cu -Concentration of the unknown
Au -Absorbance of the unknown
Cs -Concentration of the standard
As -Absorbance of standard

4. What are the other methods in computing for your unknown concentration?

a. Ratio of standard to known, using the formula in No. 3
b. Absorptivity value
c. Standard curve

5. Give the types of wavelength and the ranges by which they occur.

Ultraviolet (UV) - Below 350 nm
Visible - 350 to 800 nm
Infrared (IR) - above 800 nm

6. List the specific colors for each wavelength.

Blue - 475 nm
Green - 510 nm
Yellow - 570 nm

7. List and describe briefly the basic components of the spectrophotometer.

Light source- provides a continuous source of light.

Entrance slit - prevents entry of extraneous light.

Monochromator - selects the wavelength of choice in reading the unknown.

Exit slit - purifies and intensifies the light entering the cuvette.

Cuvette - contains the unknown solution.

Detector - detects the light absorbed or transmitted and converts it to a reading.

Readout device or digital display window - reflects the readings or concentration of the unknown solution.

Review Questions- Spectrophotometry

1. State Beer's law
2. What is the relationship between the intensity of color of a solution to its concentration?
3. What is the formula in solving the Cu?
4. What are the other methods in computing for your unknow concentration?
5. Give the types of wavelength and the ranges by which they occur.
6. List the specific colors for each wavelength.
7. List and describe briefly the basic components of the spectrophotometer.

Questions for Endocrinology and Toxicology

I. ESSAY: DISCUSS BRIEFLY BUT CONCISELY:

1. DISCUSS THE PORTER SILBER METHOD. ( 5 PTS.)
2 DISCUSS THE DIALYSIS METHOD OF TOTAL T4 PROCEDURE.
( 5 PTS.)
3. HOW IS THE CHAIN OF CONFIDENTIALITY MAINTAINED IN DRUG ABUSE SCREENING? ( 5 PTS.)


II. MATCHING TYPE: ( 1 PT.EACH)

MATCH COLUMN A WITH COLUMN B

CHOICES:

A. HYPOTHYROIDISM
B. HYPERTHYROIDISM


1. Muscle weakness
2. Amenorrhea
3. Goiter
4. Dry skin
5. Brittle nails
6. Constipation
7. Cold Intolerance
8. Heat intolerance
9. Tremors
10. Profuse bleeding


III. PROBLEM SOLVING: ( 5 pts.)

1. WHAT IS THE HALF LIFE OF A DRUG WITH AN ORIGINAL CONCENTRATION OF 500 mg IF IT WAS REDUCED TO 400 mg AFTER AN HOUR.


IV. TRANSCRIPTION ( 1 PT. EACH)

1. OGTT
2. 9-THC
3. VMA
4. HVA
5. FBS
6. ALT
7. DHEA
8. DTL
9. PRL
10. ASC

Quality Assurance Exam Questions

Essay:

1. Discuss the steps in a Quality Control Chart Preparation.
2. Discuss the 4 major processes in Quality Assurance Program.
3. Explain the Westgard Rules and their indications.

WATCH OUT FOR THE ANSWERS NEXT WEEK.

Problem Solving: Molarity, Normality, Percent Solutions

PROBLEM SOLVING :

1. WRITE DOWN FORMULA.
2. SHOW COMPUTATIONS.
3. ENCLOSE ANSWERS IN BOXES.

ATOMIC WEIGHTS:

Na = 23 H = 1 S = 32
Cl= 35.5 O = 16

1. If you weigh 5 g NaCl solution and dissolve it in 1000 ml of diluent. ( 5 pts. each)

A. What is the Molarity?
B. What is the Normality?
C. What is the percent solution?

2. What is the Molarity of a 0.5 N H2SO4 solution? (5 pts.)
3. What is the dilution if you add 0.75 ml of serum to 3.0 ml of diluent? ( 5 pts.)
4. How would you prepare 1:20 serum dilution? (5 pts.)
5. How would you prepare a 0.5 % NaCl solution? (5 pts.)
6. You are asked to prepare 200 ml of the following standard concentrations from a 20 mg/dL standard stock solution: Tabulate volume of solute and solvent and also dilution. ( 5 pts. each)

A. 2 mg/dL C. 8 mg/dL
B. 4 mg/dL D. 10 mg/dL
E. 15 mg/dL

PARTIAL ANSWERS ARE FOUND IN THIS POST

ANSWERS TO IDENTIFICATION: Basic Questions

ANSWERS TO IDENTIFICATION: Basic Questions

1. The supernatant fluid when clotted blood has been centrifuged. - SERUM
2. The supernatant fluid when anti-coagulated blood has been centrifuged.- PLASMA
3. Reference method for electrolyte determination.- ION SELECTIVE ELECTRODE
4. A process wherein a needle is introduced into a vein to obtain blood.- VENIPUNCTURE
5. Main function is water electrolyte balance.- SODIUM
6. How many minutes do you centrifuge the blood for serum preparation? - 5 TO 10 MINUTES
7. It is the precision and accuracy of a method.- RELIABILITY
8. Normal anion-gap value. - 8 to 12 mEq/L
9. The normal pH of serum.- 7.35 to 7.45
10. The most common sample for clinical chemistry - SERUM

Clinical Chemistry Basic Questions

I. IDENTIFICATION: ( 1 PT. EACH)

1. The supernatant fluid when clotted blood has been centrifuged.
2. The supernatant fluid when anti-coagulated blood has been centrifuged.
3. Reference method for electrolyte determination.
4. A process wherein a needle is introduced into a vein to obtain blood.
5. Main function is water electrolyte balance.
6. How many minutes do you centrifuge the blood for serum preparation?
7. It is the precision and accuracy of a method.
8. Normal anion-gap value.
9. The normal pH of serum.
10. The most common sample for clinical chemistry.

Clinical Chemistry Reviewer in Drugs Testing and Toxicology

II. MATCHING TYPE. Match the following physical and psychological effect to the substances of abuse. Choices: A - AMPHETAMINE, B- COCAINE, C- MARIJUANA

A. alertness
B. impairment of motor skills
C. reduce of feeling of fatigue
D. dizziness
E. loss of appetite
F. dryness of mouth
G. time perception altered
H. reaction time impaired
I. hallucinations
J. euphoria
K. blurred vision
L. paranoia
M. hyperactivity
N. oral communication skills diminished
O. vasoconstriction and elevated heart rate

Endocrinology Exam for CC3

ESSAY:

1. DISCUSS HOW THE BODY RESPONDS TO LOW T3 AND T4 CONCENTRATIONS.

2. DISCUSS THE RIA TEST FOR TOTAL T4.